Internals & Runtime

  1. How does Node.js schedule tasks internally?

  2. How does Node.js manage memory?

  3. How does garbage collection work in Node.js?

  4. How does garbage collection impact performance?

  5. How do you detect memory leaks?

  6. Difference between heap and stack memory

  7. How do you tune Node.js memory limits?

  8. What is WASI and why was it introduced?

  9. What is Punycode in Node.js?

Performance & Scalability

  1. How do you optimize a high-traffic Node.js API?

  2. How do you handle CPU-intensive tasks?

  3. How do you measure async operation performance?

  4. Which metrics should be monitored in production?

  5. How do you profile a Node.js application?

  6. What is load shedding?

  7. How do you handle traffic spikes?

  8. How does Redis improve Node.js performance?

Architecture & Design

  1. How would you architect a scalable Node.js application?

  2. What design patterns are commonly used in Node.js?

  3. What is the Reactor Pattern?

  4. What is CQRS?

  5. What is the Circuit Breaker pattern?

  6. How do you design idempotent APIs?

  7. How do you implement API versioning?

Microservices & Distributed Systems

  1. What are microservices?

  2. Why is Node.js suitable for microservices?

  3. How do services communicate in microservices?

  4. What is eventual consistency?

  5. How do you implement message queues?

  6. Difference between Kafka and RabbitMQ (Node.js perspective)

  7. How do you handle retries and dead-letter queues?

  8. How do you handle distributed transactions?

Security & Production

  1. How do you secure a Node.js application end-to-end?

  2. How do you implement authentication and authorization?

  3. How do you handle TLS/SSL in Node.js?

  4. What is the crypto module used for?

  5. How do you prevent resource starvation?

Observability, DevOps & Deployment

  1. What is structured logging?

  2. What is distributed tracing?

  3. What is OpenTelemetry?

  4. How do you debug production issues?

  5. How do you handle graceful shutdowns?

  6. How do you set up CI/CD for Node.js?

  7. How do you deploy a Node.js application?

  8. How do you handle zero-downtime deployments?

  9. How do you monitor Node.js applications?